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A list of all the posts and pages found on the site. For you robots out there is an XML version available for digesting as well.

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Posts

Complex Image Mapping

1 minute read

Published:

In this blog post I will be talking about a piece of software I made for my final project in my Senior year highschool art class.

Dirichlet Convolutions

1 minute read

Published:

An introduction to Dirichlet convolution, written the summer after my junior year of high school. I knew the Möbius function existed but deliberately didn’t look up its definition, so I could try to reconstruct it from what it had to do: invert the constant-one function under convolution. The write-up builds up from that.

Fields

less than 1 minute read

Published:

This is part 3 of a three-part series, written in my junior year of high school, that works up to proving that (Z/pZ)× is cyclic: the multiplicative group of integers mod a prime has a generator. I was teaching myself group theory at the time and worked out the route on my own, so the proofs are mine rather than the textbook’s.

Factoring Polynomials in Arbitrary Fields

less than 1 minute read

Published:

This is part 2 of a three-part series, written in my junior year of high school, that works up to proving that (Z/pZ)× is cyclic: the multiplicative group of integers mod a prime has a generator. I was teaching myself group theory at the time and worked out the route on my own, so the proofs are mine rather than the textbook’s.

Some Results with Kernels

less than 1 minute read

Published:

This is part 1 of a three-part series, written in my junior year of high school, that works up to proving that (Z/pZ)× is cyclic: the multiplicative group of integers mod a prime has a generator. I was teaching myself group theory at the time and worked out the route on my own, so the proofs are mine rather than the textbook’s.

portfolio

Complex image mapping

Published:

Warping images through complex-valued functions: each pixel at x + yi moves to f(x + yi).

publications

Root Bounds for Chain Polynomials Beyond the Cohen–Macaulay World

Published in Preprint, submitted to the Electronic Journal of Combinatorics, 2026

All real roots of the chain polynomial of every finite graded poset lie in [−4, 0]. The proof replaces shellability and h-vectors with a sign condition on a matrix inverse.

Recommended citation: P. Dugan. "Root bounds for chain polynomials beyond the Cohen–Macaulay world." Preprint, 2026.
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teaching